Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation System (OATS) for Patellofemoral Syndrome

OATS is typically suitable for younger, active individuals with localized osteochondral defects in the patella or trochlea as a result of patellofemoral syndrome. It is crucial that the surrounding cartilage and overall knee joint are in good health. Patients with advanced osteoarthritis or those with metabolic diseases may not be suitable candidates.

The OATS procedure involves your knee surgeon Dr. Mayo removing a cylindrical plug of healthy cartilage and bone (osteochondral graft) from a non-weight-bearing region of the knee or from a donor (allograft). This graft is then precisely fitted into a prepared site in the damaged area of the patella or trochlea. The aim is to seamlessly integrate the transplanted cartilage with the surrounding native cartilage.

Recovery timelines vary significantly based on factors such as graft size, graft location, and individual patient needs. General guidelines indicate that light activities or desk jobs can be resumed within a few weeks, while full recovery and return to sports or strenuous activities may take 6-12 months.

You will be in a recovery room for a few hours post-surgery. Upon waking, you’ll find your knee immobilized in a brace, and crutches will be provided for support. Pain and swelling are common post-surgery but can be managed with prescribed medications.

Rehabilitation is a critical component of successful OATS surgery, tailored to:

• Early Stage (Initial Weeks): Concentration on pain management and regaining range of motion.
• Middle Stage: Introducing weight-bearing and strength-building activities.
• Late Stage: Transitioning to sport or activity-specific exercises.

While the OATS procedure is generally safe, there are inherent risks:

• Infection: Minimized by administering antibiotics during surgery.
• Blood Clots: Very rare, typically managed with post-operative aspirin.
• Graft Failure: Occurs infrequently but may require further surgical intervention.
• Donor-Site Morbidity: Possible pain or complications at the autograft harvest site.

Untreated osteochondral defects could lead to worsening pain, increased instability, and functional limitation in the knee. This untreated degradation can accelerate the development of osteoarthritis over time.